TSMC Senior Vice President and Co-Chief Operating Officer Cliff Hou revealed that the company's equipment demand has surged from baseline levels to 1.9 times between late last year and July this year, an increase of approximately 90%. To address this unprecedented demand, TSMC is simultaneously constructing about 20 fabs, far exceeding previous periods, yet still insufficient to meet the pressure from the explosive growth in AI hashrate. Unimicron Chairman S.J. Gan also pointed out that AI demand is propagating to segments such as substrates, further exacerbating supply-demand imbalances across the semiconductor supply chain, extending to advanced packaging, substrate materials, and mature nodes.