Frank Elderson, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank (ECB) and Vice-Chair of the Supervisory Board, stated that the ECB's banking supervision is increasingly centering its dialogue with banks on the effectiveness and timely remediation of supervisory findings. He noted that simplified and effective supervision are not competing but complementary. For significant deficiencies not addressed in a timely manner, supervisors will escalate by using more intrusive tools, including capital requirements, business restrictions, or periodic penalties. As of the end of 2025, unresolved supervisory measures had increased to approximately 12,000, averaging about 100 per bank. The ECB began implementing a tiered approach in 2025, adjusting supervisory follow-up based on the severity of the risk.