Justin Bons, founder of Cyber Capital, has accused XRP Ledger's decentralization claims of being "an outright fraud," citing its mandatory adoption of closed-source code by validators. Bons stated that XRP Ledger's emergency software update version 3.4.1, released on September 25, is expected to be enforced today (October 9), at which point un-updated servers will be unable to synchronize with the network. He believes that the use of such closed-source code and the existence of a recommended validator list grant excessive power to the issuer, raising unnecessary security concerns.