Iran's judiciary spokesman said in September that a network of oil intermediaries known as "trustees" owed the Iranian government 10 billion to 11 billion euros (about $11 billion to $12 billion), Al Jazeera reported. This figure is equivalent to half of Iran's total projected oil revenue for the current fiscal year. U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said in August that Iran's "shadow banking system" was collapsing under U.S. pressure. The head of Iran's judiciary recently warned that intermediaries who refuse to return oil sales revenue would face legal action.