Renowned energy analyst Karl Miller's latest assessment indicates that Saudi Arabia's role as a "shock absorber" in the global oil market is coming to an end. The reconstruction cycle for the Gulf energy system is now projected to extend significantly from the previous five years to 2033-2036, requiring capital ranging from $550 billion to $2.28 trillion. Miller believes that the global supply deficit for diesel and jet fuel, currently at a baseline of 3 million barrels per day, could further widen, and the U.S. refining system is not large enough to fill this gap.