According to the BBC, Russia has intensified the frequency and intensity of its attacks on the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, in recent months, changing tactics to rely more on ballistic missiles. This has led to air raid sirens sometimes sounding only minutes before missiles strike, or even at the time of the first explosion, with warning times potentially as short as four minutes or less. Official data shows that in the first 10 days of July alone, Russia launched three large-scale attacks, firing dozens of ballistic missiles and killing nearly 60 civilians. An analysis of government data by BBC Verify found that the number of daily air raid alerts in Kyiv has reached a record high since the full-scale invasion in 2022. The attack on August 31 injured two children, and the relentless air raid sirens and transport disruptions have left Kyiv residents exhausted.