Digital Yuan
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The Rise and Fall of the Libra/Diem Project: Global Regulatory Challenges and Profound Implications for China's Digital Currency Strategy
Facebook's Libra (later renamed Diem) digital currency project, launched in 2019, aimed to build a global payment system but faced strong opposition from regulators worldwide due to concerns over monetary sovereignty and financial stability. The project was ultimately disbanded in 2022. However, its emergence had a significant impact on China, being perceived as a potential threat to financial sovereignty and the internationalization of the RMB. Libra's challenge spurred China to accelerate the research, development, and promotion of its central bank digital currency (digital yuan) to safeguard the nation's monetary status and address the future digital financial landscape.
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China's Cryptocurrency Regulatory Landscape and Digital Yuan: A Global Exchange Platform Overview
Mainland China maintains a comprehensive ban on cryptocurrency trading and related activities, continuously strengthening its regulatory stance by classifying virtual currency transactions as illegal financial activities. Concurrently, the People's Bank of China's digital yuan (e-CNY), a legal digital currency, is accelerating its adoption and optimizing the user experience for foreigners. Hong Kong, on the other hand, operates under an independent virtual asset regulatory framework and has licensed multiple trading platforms. Despite the strict mainland ban, some global cryptocurrency trading platforms remain active in international markets, but users in restricted regions face significant legal and financial risks if they participate.
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What is the Digital Yuan? An Analysis of the Background and Core Motivations Behind the Development of Central Bank Digital Currencies
The digital yuan (e-CNY) is a legal digital currency issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC), designed to replace cash in circulation (M0), and backed by state credit. It adopts a "central bank-commercial bank" two-tier issuance system, possessing characteristics such as legal tender status, controllable anonymity, and dual-offline payment capabilities, fundamentally differing from decentralized cryptocurrencies and third-party payment tools. China initiated its research and development in 2014 and began pilot programs at the end of 2019. Its development is driven by factors including improving payment efficiency, promoting financial inclusion, curbing the monopoly of third-party payments, addressing the challenges posed by private cryptocurrencies, and advancing the internationalization of the RMB.
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China adds 8 banks to its digital yuan network, bringing total operators to 30; new lenders will offer e-CNY services after operational and technical preparations
China adds 8 banks to its digital yuan network, bringing total operators to 30; new lenders will offer e-CNY services after operational and technical preparations
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What is EP Coin? Multiple Meanings and Current Trading Status
"EP Coin" is a generic name with multiple meanings, potentially referring to cryptocurrency projects such as People's Bank of China (PBOC), People's Bank of China (PBOC), People's Bank of China (PBOC), or even the legal digital currency People's Bank of China (PBOC) issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC). This article will introduce these different entities separately, explaining their respective positioning, characteristics, and current trading or usage channels.
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<h2>Unpacking the Deep-Seated Reasons Behind China's Comprehensive Ban on Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies</h2>
China has progressively tightened its regulation of cryptocurrencies since 2013, culminating in a comprehensive ban on all virtual currency-related businesses, including trading and mining, in 2021, while reiterating that offshore services are illegal. The ban was re-emphasized in February 2026. The main reasons include preventing financial risks, maintaining economic stability, combating money laundering and other illegal activities, implementing capital controls to prevent capital outflow, and reducing the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining. Furthermore, the promotion of the digital yuan has also prompted the government to strengthen centralized control over digital finance. Despite restrictions on trading and mining, the legality of individual cryptocurrency ownership may still exist.
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The Current State of Cryptocurrency Regulation in Mainland China: No Official Rankings or Trading Lists in 2023
In 2023, mainland China continued to strictly enforce the comprehensive ban on virtual currencies implemented since 2021, explicitly classifying virtual currency trading and mining activities as illegal financial activities. Overseas exchanges providing services to domestic residents are also deemed illegal. Therefore, there is no official or legal "cryptocurrency ranking" or "virtual currency list" within mainland China. This article will focus on elaborating China's regulatory policies, the development of blockchain technology, and the promotion of the digital yuan.
-
Analysis of the Current State of China’s Software Trading Platforms and the Application of Legal Tender in Transactions
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of China’s software trading market, noting that there is currently no single “largest” general-purpose software trading platform and that the market is becoming increasingly specialized. At the same time, it provides a detailed analysis of legal currency trading applications in mainland China—including the Digital Yuan app—as well as the compliance issues and risks associated with foreign exchange and cryptocurrency trading, emphasizing China’s strict restrictions on foreign exchange trading and its explicit ban on cryptocurrency trading.
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An In-Depth Analysis of the Digital Yuan (e-CNY): The Current Status and Development of China’s Legal Digital Currency
The Digital Yuan (e-CNY) is a legal tender digital currency issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC). As a digital version of the yuan, it is primarily used as cash in circulation (M0). It employs a two-tier operational system, supports offline-to-offline payments and controlled anonymity, and aims to enhance financial inclusion, improve payment efficiency, and promote the internationalization of the yuan.As of the end of November 2025, the cumulative transaction volume of the digital yuan had reached 16.7 trillion yuan. It has been extensively piloted in 17 provinces and municipalities across the country, gradually integrating into daily economic life, and in early 2026, it entered the era of interest-bearing “digital deposit currency.”
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What is BSN? It is not a cryptocurrency, but there is a token with the same name.
BSN (Blockchain-based Service Network) primarily refers to the blockchain service network led by the China National Information Center. It is an infrastructure platform designed to reduce the cost of developing blockchain applications and does not issue any cryptocurrency. However, there are also a few cryptocurrency projects on the market with low market capitalizations that are unrelated to this network but happen to use “BSN” as their token symbol, such as Big Search Network Token and Blockswap Network. This article will provide a detailed distinction between these two types of “BSN.”
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Several banks, including the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of China, support the offline payment code feature in the Digital Yuan app.
Svmuu News: The Digital Renminbi Operations and Management Center announced that the digital renminbi wallets of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of Commun
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10x Research: Bitcoin—The True Investment Logic May Lie in Space Infrastructure and Decentralized Computing
Svmuu News: 10x Research released a report stating that while the market generally believes the core value of Bitcoin lies in hedging against currency devaluation, this is not its true investment rati
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Policy Interpretation and Risk Warnings Regarding Virtual Currency Trading in Mainland China
Regulatory policies regarding virtual currencies in mainland China have continued to tighten, explicitly prohibiting business activities related to virtual currencies. Since 2013, multiple agencies—including the People's Bank of China (PBOC)—have issued numerous documents emphasizing that virtual currencies do not have the status of legal tender and cannot be used as currency in circulation.Any organization or individual engaging in the issuance, trading, financing, or provision of related services involving virtual currencies within China is engaging in illegal financial activities and will face legal risks. Although the personal holding of virtual currencies is not illegal in itself, participating in transactions or providing related services may violate the law. Currently, the People’s Bank of China is actively promoting its central bank digital currency—the Digital Yuan (E-CNY).
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People's Bank of China (PBOC) Draft Amendment to the Law Aims to Clarify the Legal Status of the Digital Yuan
Svmuu News: The “Law of the People’s Republic of China on People's Bank of China (PBOC) (Revised Draft)” was submitted for its first review at the 23rd Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th Na
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Central Bank: Build and Operate Cross-Border, Offshore, and Blockchain Infrastructure for the Digital Yuan Under Safe and Controlled Conditions
Svmuu News: The People's Bank of China (PBOC), the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Financial Regulatory Administration, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and the Sta
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Digital Yuan International Operations Center: Upgrades Three Major Platforms—Blockchain Services, Digital Assets, and Others—to “Shu Bi Da”
Svmuu News: The Digital Renminbi International Operations Center announced that, following adjustments to the digital renminbi measurement framework and an upgrade to the overall architecture of the i
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China adds 8 banks to its digital yuan network, bringing total operators to 30; new lenders will offer e-CNY services after operational and technical preparations
China adds 8 banks to its digital yuan network, bringing total operators to 30; new lenders will offer e-CNY services after operational and technical preparations
-
Several banks, including the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of China, support the offline payment code feature in the Digital Yuan app.
Svmuu News: The Digital Renminbi Operations and Management Center announced that the digital renminbi wallets of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of Commun
-
10x Research: Bitcoin—The True Investment Logic May Lie in Space Infrastructure and Decentralized Computing
Svmuu News: 10x Research released a report stating that while the market generally believes the core value of Bitcoin lies in hedging against currency devaluation, this is not its true investment rati
-
People's Bank of China (PBOC) Draft Amendment to the Law Aims to Clarify the Legal Status of the Digital Yuan
Svmuu News: The “Law of the People’s Republic of China on People's Bank of China (PBOC) (Revised Draft)” was submitted for its first review at the 23rd Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th Na
-
Central Bank: Build and Operate Cross-Border, Offshore, and Blockchain Infrastructure for the Digital Yuan Under Safe and Controlled Conditions
Svmuu News: The People's Bank of China (PBOC), the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Financial Regulatory Administration, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and the Sta
-
Digital Yuan International Operations Center: Upgrades Three Major Platforms—Blockchain Services, Digital Assets, and Others—to “Shu Bi Da”
Svmuu News: The Digital Renminbi International Operations Center announced that, following adjustments to the digital renminbi measurement framework and an upgrade to the overall architecture of the i
-
The Rise and Fall of the Libra/Diem Project: Global Regulatory Challenges and Profound Implications for China's Digital Currency Strategy
Facebook's Libra (later renamed Diem) digital currency project, launched in 2019, aimed to build a global payment system but faced strong opposition from regulators worldwide due to concerns over monetary sovereignty and financial stability. The project was ultimately disbanded in 2022. However, its emergence had a significant impact on China, being perceived as a potential threat to financial sovereignty and the internationalization of the RMB. Libra's challenge spurred China to accelerate the research, development, and promotion of its central bank digital currency (digital yuan) to safeguard the nation's monetary status and address the future digital financial landscape.
-
China's Cryptocurrency Regulatory Landscape and Digital Yuan: A Global Exchange Platform Overview
Mainland China maintains a comprehensive ban on cryptocurrency trading and related activities, continuously strengthening its regulatory stance by classifying virtual currency transactions as illegal financial activities. Concurrently, the People's Bank of China's digital yuan (e-CNY), a legal digital currency, is accelerating its adoption and optimizing the user experience for foreigners. Hong Kong, on the other hand, operates under an independent virtual asset regulatory framework and has licensed multiple trading platforms. Despite the strict mainland ban, some global cryptocurrency trading platforms remain active in international markets, but users in restricted regions face significant legal and financial risks if they participate.
-
What is the Digital Yuan? An Analysis of the Background and Core Motivations Behind the Development of Central Bank Digital Currencies
The digital yuan (e-CNY) is a legal digital currency issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC), designed to replace cash in circulation (M0), and backed by state credit. It adopts a "central bank-commercial bank" two-tier issuance system, possessing characteristics such as legal tender status, controllable anonymity, and dual-offline payment capabilities, fundamentally differing from decentralized cryptocurrencies and third-party payment tools. China initiated its research and development in 2014 and began pilot programs at the end of 2019. Its development is driven by factors including improving payment efficiency, promoting financial inclusion, curbing the monopoly of third-party payments, addressing the challenges posed by private cryptocurrencies, and advancing the internationalization of the RMB.
-
What is EP Coin? Multiple Meanings and Current Trading Status
"EP Coin" is a generic name with multiple meanings, potentially referring to cryptocurrency projects such as People's Bank of China (PBOC), People's Bank of China (PBOC), People's Bank of China (PBOC), or even the legal digital currency People's Bank of China (PBOC) issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC). This article will introduce these different entities separately, explaining their respective positioning, characteristics, and current trading or usage channels.
-
<h2>Unpacking the Deep-Seated Reasons Behind China's Comprehensive Ban on Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies</h2>
China has progressively tightened its regulation of cryptocurrencies since 2013, culminating in a comprehensive ban on all virtual currency-related businesses, including trading and mining, in 2021, while reiterating that offshore services are illegal. The ban was re-emphasized in February 2026. The main reasons include preventing financial risks, maintaining economic stability, combating money laundering and other illegal activities, implementing capital controls to prevent capital outflow, and reducing the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining. Furthermore, the promotion of the digital yuan has also prompted the government to strengthen centralized control over digital finance. Despite restrictions on trading and mining, the legality of individual cryptocurrency ownership may still exist.
-
The Current State of Cryptocurrency Regulation in Mainland China: No Official Rankings or Trading Lists in 2023
In 2023, mainland China continued to strictly enforce the comprehensive ban on virtual currencies implemented since 2021, explicitly classifying virtual currency trading and mining activities as illegal financial activities. Overseas exchanges providing services to domestic residents are also deemed illegal. Therefore, there is no official or legal "cryptocurrency ranking" or "virtual currency list" within mainland China. This article will focus on elaborating China's regulatory policies, the development of blockchain technology, and the promotion of the digital yuan.
-
Analysis of the Current State of China’s Software Trading Platforms and the Application of Legal Tender in Transactions
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of China’s software trading market, noting that there is currently no single “largest” general-purpose software trading platform and that the market is becoming increasingly specialized. At the same time, it provides a detailed analysis of legal currency trading applications in mainland China—including the Digital Yuan app—as well as the compliance issues and risks associated with foreign exchange and cryptocurrency trading, emphasizing China’s strict restrictions on foreign exchange trading and its explicit ban on cryptocurrency trading.
-
An In-Depth Analysis of the Digital Yuan (e-CNY): The Current Status and Development of China’s Legal Digital Currency
The Digital Yuan (e-CNY) is a legal tender digital currency issued by the People's Bank of China (PBOC). As a digital version of the yuan, it is primarily used as cash in circulation (M0). It employs a two-tier operational system, supports offline-to-offline payments and controlled anonymity, and aims to enhance financial inclusion, improve payment efficiency, and promote the internationalization of the yuan.As of the end of November 2025, the cumulative transaction volume of the digital yuan had reached 16.7 trillion yuan. It has been extensively piloted in 17 provinces and municipalities across the country, gradually integrating into daily economic life, and in early 2026, it entered the era of interest-bearing “digital deposit currency.”
-
What is BSN? It is not a cryptocurrency, but there is a token with the same name.
BSN (Blockchain-based Service Network) primarily refers to the blockchain service network led by the China National Information Center. It is an infrastructure platform designed to reduce the cost of developing blockchain applications and does not issue any cryptocurrency. However, there are also a few cryptocurrency projects on the market with low market capitalizations that are unrelated to this network but happen to use “BSN” as their token symbol, such as Big Search Network Token and Blockswap Network. This article will provide a detailed distinction between these two types of “BSN.”
-
Policy Interpretation and Risk Warnings Regarding Virtual Currency Trading in Mainland China
Regulatory policies regarding virtual currencies in mainland China have continued to tighten, explicitly prohibiting business activities related to virtual currencies. Since 2013, multiple agencies—including the People's Bank of China (PBOC)—have issued numerous documents emphasizing that virtual currencies do not have the status of legal tender and cannot be used as currency in circulation.Any organization or individual engaging in the issuance, trading, financing, or provision of related services involving virtual currencies within China is engaging in illegal financial activities and will face legal risks. Although the personal holding of virtual currencies is not illegal in itself, participating in transactions or providing related services may violate the law. Currently, the People’s Bank of China is actively promoting its central bank digital currency—the Digital Yuan (E-CNY).
Digital Yuan
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