Monetary Policy
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China's M2 money supply rose 7.5% YoY in August, slightly below the estimated 7.6%, while new yuan loans for Jan-Aug totaled CNY10.44T, missing the estimated CNY10.784T.
China's M2 money supply rose 7.5% YoY in August, slightly below the estimated 7.6%, while new yuan loans for Jan-Aug totaled CNY10.44T, missing the estimated CNY10.784T.
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Bearish Bets Build in India's Short-Term Bonds as Traders Expect Yields to Rise on Central Bank's Cash Drain Efforts
Bets against India’s short-term bonds are rising, with traders wagering that yields will go up on the central bank’s efforts to drain excess cash from the banking system.
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Market attention is focused on rumors surrounding the future of European Central Bank President Lagarde and core hawk Executive Board member Schnabel, which could impact the policy path after December.
Speculation is mounting regarding the potential early departure of European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde (rumored to take over as Chair of the World Economic Forum or enter French po
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Lu Lei, Deputy Governor of the People's Bank of China (PBOC): Will improve the reserve requirement system, conduct open market operations more flexibly and precisely, and gradually de-emphasize quantitative intermediate targets.
Lu Lei, Deputy Governor of the People's Bank of China (PBOC), stated at the "Starting the 15th Five-Year Plan" series of press conferences on September 10 that during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, t
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Lu Lei, Deputy Governor of the People's Bank of China: China has no need or intention to gain trade competitive advantage through currency devaluation.
Lu Lei, Deputy Governor of the People's Bank of China (PBOC), stated at a press conference held by the State Council Information Office on September 10 that the "15th Five-Year Plan for Building a Fin
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The Financial Times commented that Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh could be competent, but needs to clarify policy goals and act wisely.
A commentary in the Financial Times suggests that Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh could be an excellent chairman, but he must clarify policy objectives and be prudent in how the central bank operates.
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Bank of Japan: Japan's M2 money stock rose 2.0% year-on-year in August, M3 increased by 1.3%, and broad liquidity expanded by 4.4%.
Bank of Japan: Japan's M2 money stock rose 2.0% year-on-year in August, M3 increased by 1.3%, and broad liquidity expanded by 4.4%.
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Market expectations for a 25 basis point rate hike by the Federal Reserve in September have risen to 52%, as Donald Trump continues to pressure Warsh to cut rates.
Market expectations for a 25 basis point rate hike by the Federal Reserve in September have risen to 52%, while the probability of rates remaining unchanged stands at 48%. This shift occurs as US Pres
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Saylor: US Added 162,000 Jobs, Yet 'Statistical Noise Has Turned Into Monetary Policy'
MicroStrategy Chairman Michael Saylor commented on the latest US payrolls report, noting that the addition of 162,000 jobs on a base of 159.1 million (0.10%) falls within the Bureau of Labor Statistic
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Investors are closely monitoring every data point to navigate various Federal Reserve policy scenarios, according to Haefele, Chief Investment Officer at UBS Global Wealth Management.
Investors are closely monitoring every data point to navigate various Federal Reserve policy scenarios, according to Haefele, Chief Investment Officer at UBS Global Wealth Management.
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Federal Reserve Governor Waller on Thursday publicly countered Chairman Warsh's downplaying of forward guidance, stating that effective monetary policy communication requires a clear policy framework.
At a Reuters event, Waller stated that effective monetary policy communication should revolve around the current policy stance, the outlook for policy, and forward guidance under specific circumstance
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Malaysia Extends Rate Pause, Drops ‘Appropriate’ Language
Malaysia's central bank kept its key interest rate unchanged, citing the economy's continued modest inflation and rapid growth. The bank also tweaked its monetary policy statement by removing a refere
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State Street strategist Seder stated that if the Federal Reserve maintains interest rates, the market will react poorly.
Cayla Seder, Macro Multi-Asset Strategist at State Street, discussed her concerns about higher government bond yields and looked ahead to the September Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting dec
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Australia posts second-quarter growth of 2.1%, beating expectations
Australia's economy expanded by 2.1% year on year in the second quarter, exceeding Reuters polled economists' estimate of 1.8%. This stronger-than-expected GDP print may allow the Reserve Bank of Aust
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ECB's Vujčić Emphasizes High-Quality Surveys and Evidence-Based Research are Crucial for Understanding Household Expectations and Their Impact on Monetary Policy
European Central Bank (ECB) Governing Council member Boris Vujčić stated that household expectations regarding inflation, income, employment, interest rates, and house prices significantly influence s
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Adam Posen Explains Fed Chairman Warsh's 'Family Fight' Term, Suggests Dissents Can Be Beneficial
Peterson Institute for International Economics President Adam Posen, on the Odd Lots podcast, explained what Fed Chairman Kevin Warsh means by "family fight" to describe policy decision debates, and w
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US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that the yen's movement is "under control" and expects the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to "do the right thing."
The Japanese Yen (JPY) fell to 160.11 against the US Dollar (USD) on Monday, once again breaching the market-watched 160 level. US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated in an interview on Sunday tha
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Krugman: "Obvious Contradiction" Between Fed Chair Warsh and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent on Monetary Policy Tools
Nobel laureate Paul Krugman commented on Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh's inaugural Jackson Hole speech on August 29, noting that Warsh emphasized short-term interest rates as the primary tool a
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Bank of England Governor Bailey struck a dovish tone at Jackson Hole, signaling no rush to act.
Bailey stated that the UK is experiencing a fairly modest second-round inflation effect, and the labor market has softened for some time. He believes it is currently appropriate to continue observing
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Profound Impact and Current Status Analysis of Ethereum's Monetary Policy Post-Merge
The Merge, Ethereum's transition from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to Proof-of-Stake (PoS), and the implementation of EIP-1559 have revolutionized ETH's monetary policy. Daily new issuance has been drastically reduced by approximately 88%, and the annualized inflation rate has significantly decreased. Although recent data shows a slight increase in Ethereum's supply, its overall scarcity narrative has been strengthened, and the liquidity issue of staked ETH has been resolved, making it a more efficient and environmentally friendly blockchain network.
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BOE MPC Member Mann Discusses Hawkish Policy, Inflation, and Central Bank Reaction Functions at Jackson Hole
Catherine Mann, a member of the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee, discussed central bank reaction functions and how to manage inflation caused by supply shocks during the Jackson Hole Econo
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European stocks gained on Friday, poised for fifth straight monthly advance ahead of central bankers' speeches at Jackson Hole symposium.
European stocks gained on Friday, poised for fifth straight monthly advance ahead of central bankers' speeches at Jackson Hole symposium.
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Demand for Japan's two-year government bond auction plummeted, with the bid-to-cover ratio hitting a nearly one-year low and the tail spread being the widest since 2016.
On Friday, the bid-to-cover ratio for Japan's two-year government bond auction fell to 2.97 from its 12-month average of 3.74, and the tail widened sharply from the previous 0.007 to 0.034, the widest
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Japan's two-year government bond auction on Friday showed weaker demand amid speculation of central bank tightening.
Japan's two-year government bond auction on Friday showed weaker demand amid speculation of central bank tightening.
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Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh’s plan to reduce annual interest-rate decisions raises investor concerns about increased volatility in the $32 trillion Treasury market.
Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh’s plan to reduce annual interest-rate decisions raises investor concerns about increased volatility in the $32 trillion Treasury market.
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The European Central Bank (ECB) kept its three key interest rates unchanged. Lagarde stated that rising energy prices pose an upside risk to inflation and that the ECB is not pre-committing to a specific interest rate path.
The European Central Bank (ECB) kept its three key interest rates unchanged, with Christine Lagarde stating that rising energy prices pose upside risks to inflation and that the ECB is not pre-committ
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The Federal Reserve will reduce the number of monetary policy meetings from eight to seven next year, breaking with decades of tradition.
The Federal Reserve has voted to maintain interest rates, despite rising inflation. Additionally, the Federal Reserve will reduce the number of monetary policy meetings next year from eight to seven,
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Bond investor Jeff Gundlach: The Federal Reserve should raise interest rates by 50 basis points in September, concerned that inflation is not being taken seriously enough.
DoubleLine founder Jeff Gundlach stated that the Federal Reserve should raise interest rates by 50 basis points at its September meeting, rather than gradually, after the Fed's decision on Wednesday t
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Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh: The Federal Reserve has decided to adjust the FOMC meeting schedule in the fall of next year, with 6 policy-setting meetings expected in 2028.
Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh stated that the Federal Reserve has decided to adjust the FOMC meeting schedule next autumn. There will still be 8 meetings annually, but one of these meetings will not
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Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh: The Federal Reserve will have one meeting in 2027 without a monetary policy vote, and two meetings in 2028 focused on policy strategy.
Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh stated that the Federal Reserve plans to hold 8 meetings in 2027, but one of them will not involve a vote on monetary policy settings, focusing instead on strategy. In 2
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Fed's Warsh: We have clearly articulated our readiness to act and demonstrated our willingness to do so.
Fed's Warsh: We have clearly articulated our readiness to act and demonstrated our willingness to do so.
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U.S. Treasury yields rose ahead of the Federal Reserve's interest rate decision later today, with yields moving higher during Wednesday's Asian trading session.
U.S. Treasury yields rose ahead of the Federal Reserve's interest rate decision later today, with yields moving higher during Wednesday's Asian trading session.
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Asia's central banks are blindsiding markets with their rate calls, a trend expected to continue.
Asia's central banks are blindsiding markets with their rate calls, a trend expected to continue.
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Japan's Services Producer Price Index Annual Inflation Rose to 3.7% in September
Japan's Services Producer Price Index (SPPI) annual inflation rate rose to 3.7% in September, but the slowdown in price growth for labor-intensive services and the stable inflation rate excluding inte
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A measure of underlying inflation in Japan surged to a three-year high
A measure of underlying inflation in Japan surged to a three-year high, with consumer prices excluding fresh food and special factors rising 3.2% year-on-year in September, accelerating from 2.6% in t
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wrote in Securities Times that DR001 has become the target interest rate for the People's Bank of China's monetary policy adjustments
Lou Feipeng, a researcher at Postal Savings Bank of China, wrote in Securities Times that DR001 has become the target interest rate for the People's Bank of China's monetary policy adjustments. The Pe
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broader price increases could slow the pace of inflation returning to target and lead to monetary policy remaining tighter for longer
Fitch Ratings' Head of US Economics stated that the breadth of US inflation had expanded before the recent acceleration in headline inflation, indicating that the rise in inflation was not solely due
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South Korean brokerages are warning of further downside in the Kospi as foreign selling and weakening trading activity weigh on stocks
South Korean brokerages are warning of further downside in the Kospi as foreign selling and weakening trading activity weigh on stocks. Korea Investment & Securities has identified 5,200 as a potentia
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Investors in US and European banks' riskiest debt (AT1s) are demanding more compensation on new deals as the easy-money run fades.
Investors in US and European banks' riskiest debt (AT1s) are demanding more compensation on new deals as the easy-money run fades.
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The Bank of Japan (BOJ) may officially declare it has achieved its 2% inflation target at next week's meeting, signaling an exit from its "anti-deflation mode."
According to Kyodo News, the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will hold its monetary policy meeting from October 29 to 30, where it will make an official judgment on whether the inflation rate has reached its long
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ECB official Philip R. Lane: Enhance the EUREP international liquidity tool to support monetary policy transmission in the Euro area.
Philip R. Lane, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, stated that the ECB has enhanced its international liquidity tool, the Eurosystem Repo Facility for central banks (EUREP), t
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Analysts point out that the People's Bank of China (PBOC) may be entering a multi-month transition period to shift towards an overnight policy rate as its benchmark. This would necessitate more frequent use of new candidate benchmark tools for liquidity operations to test market reactions.
Analysts point out that the People's Bank of China (PBOC) may be entering a multi-month transition period to shift towards an overnight policy rate as its benchmark. This would necessitate more freque
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China's October LPR quotes are out: the 1-year LPR remains at 3.0%, and the over-5-year LPR at 3.5%, both unchanged for 17 consecutive months.
China's October LPR quotes are out: the 1-year LPR remains at 3.0%, and the over-5-year LPR at 3.5%, both unchanged for 17 consecutive months.
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China's central bank signals that the overnight reverse repo rate will replace the seven-day rate as its main policy benchmark, further aligning with global peers.
China's central bank signals that the overnight reverse repo rate will replace the seven-day rate as its main policy benchmark, further aligning with global peers.
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Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh: AI will "fundamentally change the implementation of monetary policy" by improving forecasting.
Former Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh stated that artificial intelligence will "fundamentally change the conduct of monetary policy" by improving forecasting. He noted that the Federal Reserve c
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Federal Reserve Chairman Warsh: AI is the most profound economic transformation of my lifetime; the October and December FOMC meetings are crucial.
Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh stated at the IMF and World Bank Annual Meetings that artificial intelligence is the most profound economic transformation he has witnessed in his lifetime, and th
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Fed Chair Warsh: AI is the "most consequential change" to the global economy in his lifetime, predicting positive effects but a "bumpy" path
US Federal Reserve Chair Kevin Warsh stated on Friday that AI technology represents the "most consequential change" to the global economy he has witnessed. He predicted its effects would be positive,
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The Indian Rupee rebounded from historic lows after active intervention by the central bank, but pressure is mounting in the foreign exchange market.
The Indian Rupee rebounded from historic lows after active intervention by the central bank, but pressure is mounting in the foreign exchange market.
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The Impact of Central Bank Digital Currencies on Monetary Policy: Global Progress and In-depth Analysis
Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), as digital fiat money issued by central banks, are profoundly reshaping the global monetary policy landscape. This article will delve into how CBDCs function by strengthening transmission mechanisms, influencing financial stability, enhancing the precision of policy tools, and reshaping the international monetary system. We will examine the latest developments in projects such as China's Digital Yuan, Europe's Digital Euro, and the mBridge, analyzing the perspectives and design considerations of various parties regarding CBDCs to help readers fully understand their potential impact.
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Money Supply and Inflation: Understanding Their Complex Relationship
There is a close link between money supply and inflation, with the quantity theory of money being the core theory explaining this relationship. However, as financial markets develop and economic structures change, this relationship has become increasingly complex, not a simple linear transmission. Central banks manage the money supply through monetary policy to achieve goals such as price stability and economic growth, but the formation of inflation is influenced by a combination of multiple factors and requires a multi-dimensional examination.
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Profound Impact and Current Status Analysis of Ethereum's Monetary Policy Post-Merge
The Merge, Ethereum's transition from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to Proof-of-Stake (PoS), and the implementation of EIP-1559 have revolutionized ETH's monetary policy. Daily new issuance has been drastically reduced by approximately 88%, and the annualized inflation rate has significantly decreased. Although recent data shows a slight increase in Ethereum's supply, its overall scarcity narrative has been strengthened, and the liquidity issue of staked ETH has been resolved, making it a more efficient and environmentally friendly blockchain network.
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Why is Bitcoin thriving but struggling to replace the US dollar?
Bitcoin has achieved significant growth and widespread acceptance globally, thanks to its decentralization, scarcity, censorship resistance, and its narrative as "digital gold" for value storage. However, its inherent drastic price volatility, transaction speed limitations, lack of universal fiat currency status, and governments' control over monetary policy make it difficult to become a stable everyday transaction medium and global reserve currency like the US dollar. Bitcoin and the US dollar each play different roles, and it is difficult for them to replace each other in the short term.
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USDT (USDT) and Global Monetary Policy: Far-Reaching Implications for Traditional Financial Stability
As of July 2026, USDT (USDT)—the world’s largest stablecoin—had reached a market capitalization of approximately $184 billion and plays a central role in the crypto ecosystem. Its reserve composition has shifted significantly toward U.S. Treasury bonds, making it a major holder of U.S. government debt.This article will explore the latest developments regarding USDT in terms of reserve transparency and global regulatory compliance (such as the U.S. GENIUS Act and the EU’s MiCA), and provide an in-depth analysis of how its growing influence poses potential challenges to central banks’ monetary policy transmission mechanisms, the banking deposit base, and overall financial stability.
Monetary Policy
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